Product and Pricing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Product and Pricing - Essay Example All of these techniques are employed in order to ascertain the financial or monetary amount of a certain brand. For example, using communication investments as a form of brand valuation takes into account all of the expenditures incurred in communicating the brand in the target market and adjusting it for inflation. In this technique the company also takes into consideration the opportunity of using the fund in other investments such as bonds. However, the author also emphasizes that the brand is an "intangible asset." It is more than the name or the logo printed in the packaging of certain products. The brand is not what it is but what it stands for. According to Chevron (4), a brand is "a covenant with the customer, a promise that the brand and the product it names will conform to the expectations that have been created over time." He also highlights that the existence of the brand is because of the company's "commitment to its external values." Thus, as brand is intangible and commitment is not quantifiable, the real value of a brand cannot be fully taken into account by attributing a monetary value to it: "Because all those financial valuation methods are but educated guesses, we cannot rely on any one" (Chevron 10). It is clear that the author disagrees with the too simplistic or very complicated techniques employed by the financial a

Research Methods for Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Methods for Business - Assignment Example The first and the foremost dilemma of the research process is that it is very expensive. It takes a lot of effort to collect the views of the targets and hence consumes a lot of money as well. When it comes to a sample, if selected carefully, it is to a very large extent a true representation of the population. And since the sample size is smaller than the size of the population, it costs much less to gather data from the sample. Thus, sampling is very cost-efficient as compared to the entire population. Labor is another factor that leads to the use of sampling procedures. A large amount of labor needs to be engaged while conducting a research. This labor force is very expensive to employ and it takes a lot of time as well in order to select the best people to perform the task. Thus, the larger the sample size, the more the labor needed and the more would be the time and finances consumed. Therefore, it is better to use a sample instead of the entire population in order to minimize the cost and effort. Time is one of the most important factors when making any decision regarding the research methods and processes. Although there are many reasons for the time to be a crucial factor, however, the most important reason is that he researches are mostly very time sensitive, i.e. they tend to expire with time or so to say, the findings of the research tend to quickly become obsolete as the time passes and the preferences of the respondents change with changes in the society and the economy. Therefore, the research might not remain valid by the time it is finished.  

Risk management Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Risk management - Literature review Example A probabilistic incident like oil spill event or oil spill contact to an environmentally responsive area cannot be forecasted; only an approximation of its likelihood can be quantified (Scarlett, Linkov and Kousky, 2011, p.20). Before applying the risk management practices; risk assessment should be done in order to know that what can go wrong at a definite time period and what the outcome will be if it does. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the probable occurrences that could lead to an oil spill, together with the feasible resulting impacts. (Imo, 2010, p.3). This paper will focus on the methodology and structure, purposes of risk management, application of risk management in oil exploration programs, identification of spillage risks, risk assessment of oil spillage risks, risk response planning for oil spillage risks and risk monitoring and control for oil spillage risks. 1.1. Aims and Objectives Aims: The aim of this paper is to develop a framework that will help the compan ies in order to control their oil spillage risks in oil exploration programs. Objectives: The objectives will be to investigate the nature of oil spillage risks; identify and summarize the existing understanding about oil spillage risk management; discover good practices in managing oil spillage risks and to provide a new framework that summarizes the findings and can be used further for managing oil spillage risks. Besides this, the paper has also focused on different methods used to manage the risk of oil spillage. 1.2. Background 1.2.1. The nature of oil spillage risk in oil exploration program The oil industry is concerned with a long history of spills on the North Slope and the probability of future spills is high. Indeed, there has been an oil spillage once a day, on... From this research it is clear that the oil industry is concerned with a long history of spills on the North Slope and the probability of future spills is high. Indeed, there has been an oil spillage once a day, on average, from the time when gas and oil development began on the North Slope. In order to make the subject worse, ocean currents move the chemicals and oil hundreds of miles. Further, in the Arctic Ocean, cleaning up oil spills would lead to enormous challenges. Suppression and recovery at sea hardly ever leads to the removal of more than a comparatively small fraction of a large oil spill, i.e. only 10-15% and often significantly less. Till date, no technology subsists in order to clean up oil in the sea ice circumstances and late-season spills would stay behind until the following year. Furthermore, cold water splits down oil much more slowly than the warm water. Climate change has considerably weakened the basis on which Arctic ecosystems function. Species mainly at ris k include polar bear, walruses, ringed seals, beluga and bowhead whales and coastal birds. So, it is found that the environmental risk is associated with the oil exploration programs. Oil spillage refers to an unintentional release of oil in a water body due to human activity and is regarded as form of pollution. Oil spillage occurs due to release of crude oil from underwater wells and pipeline, or offshore drilling rig, or a tanker, frequently presenting a danger to marine life and environment.

Why is there a higher prevalence of lupus SLE found among females of Literature review

Why is there a higher prevalence of lupus SLE found among females of Afro Carribbean origins - Literature review Example These hormonal imbalances have the capability of changing the genetic makeup of an individual, resulting to the development of Lupus SLE. However, it is important to explain that genetics alone is not the factor responsible for the development of Lupus SLE amongst women. Another important factor is the environment. The environment plays a role in the development of Lupus SLE because of the ultra violet rays of the sun. Research indicates that women, who are heavily exposed to the ultra violet rays of the sun, are always vulnerable to developing Lupus SLE. In terms of ethnicity, Lupus is more common in people of African descent. One of the major reasons advanced, is because of the high rates of poverty amongst these people, making them to be unable to afford medical treatments in regard to the type of contraceptives to use. In as much as this is information that has been given, this fact is disputed, because hormonal changes are not the only factors responsible for the high rate of Lupus amongst women. This paper is a critical analysis of the ethnic and sex differences in the epidemiology and clinical course of lupus. This paper will analyze the ethnic and sex differences in the clinical and epidemiology course of Lupus. In meeting the objective of this paper, there will be a need of understanding the genetic predisposition of Lupus. This is important in helping us to understand why women and people of African origin are vulnerable to an attack by Lupus. Furthermore, for purposes of understanding this disease, and its epidemiological and clinical cause, there will be a need of identifying its causes. These are well explained in this paper. This paper would also identify and explain the neuropsychiatric consequences of lupus, and an example is the Lupus fog. It would further explain the epidemiology of this disease, and this is in relation to

Why do I want to be a teacher Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Why do I want to be a teacher - Essay Example In turn this will help the students to gain an insight into what is right and wrong and thereby become more careful in their decision making in their academic, personal life and all future endeavors. In addition to the learning environment, teachers play a vital role in shaping the personality of their students apart from teaching the subject and hence play a dual role of both an educator as well as a counselor. They share a special bonding with the student as they play the role of a parent in this second family. Teachers must take an interest in the academic and personal life of every student which would help them to find the right solutions in case of any problem. Mere teaching of the subject would only be a professional approach which will not create a bond between the teacher and the student. Spending quality time with all the students and an unbiased attitude would help the students to share a good comrade with their teachers. Nevertheless it is also important for the teacher to also bear in mind the limits of their relationship and also help the student to understand the same. When such an understanding is established it will prevent each one from taking advantage of the other.

Data collection, reliability, and validity discussion Assignment

Data collection, reliability, and validity discussion - Assignment Example Therefore, the study relied on secondary data collected and recorded in these online databases. The method selected for data collection was appropriate to meet the objective of the study. The objective of the study required a large pool of information, which the online databases provided. They provided access to cross-historical and international data from various research studies focusing on a wide range of variables. Secondary data presents the advantage of pre-established validity and reliability particularly secondary data from reliable databases. The reviewed studies are valid indicators of the effects of larval therapy on the bacterial load in chronic wounds. In my opinion, the online databases provided the information needed to answer the research question. They also provided a large sample, thus, increasing the validity and reliability of the information. The research findings were also consistent. Reliability and validity and are functions of the data collection method and the source, which in my opinion the online databases provided for this

Digital inspection in food industry(compuer vision) Essay

Digital inspection in food industry(compuer vision) - Essay Example Current paper explores the various aspects of foods’ digital inspection, which is commonly developed through computer vision. The requirements of this process are analyzed and its value is explained. Examples, as available in the literature, are presented so that the benefits and the risks of the specific technique are clear. It is proved that the digital inspection of foods through computer vision can be quite helpful in identifying defects in foods but also in checking the actual ingredients of foods provided to the public. This means that digital inspection, as applied using computer vision, can serve the need for testing the appropriateness of foods for consumption but also for identifying their ingredients, if they are aligned with the standards related to the particular type of food or not. 2.0 Research Questions The research questions on which this study is based can be described as follows: A) which are the key characteristics and role of digital inspection in regard t o the food industry? B) Which are the components of digital inspection with computer vision? C) Which are the phases of computer vision in digital inspection of foods? D) Which are the risks related with the use of computer vision in digital inspection of foods? 3.0 Research Methodology Literature Review has been chosen as the research methodology for exploring the various aspects of this study’s subject. More specifically, a series of articles published in academic journals has been employed for answering to the study’s research questions, as described in the previous section. Effort has been made to retrieve recent studies. In fact, the studies used have been published from 2011 up today, with an exception of 3 studies, 2 of which were published in 2004 and one was published in 2006. These studies were used, even if not quite recent, at the level they analyzed issues that need to be incorporated in this paper. 4.0 Limitations of research During the research developed for this study the following issue appeared: not all issues addressed in this study are sufficiently covered in the literature. Effort has been made to refer to as many aspects of the study’s subject as possible; however, it is possible that gaps can be identified in regard to the answers given to the study’s research questions. These gaps are identified and highlighted in the end of the study making suggestions for future research. The fact that the recent studies available for the particular subject are limited should be also highlighted; older studies have been used instead for covering this gap so that the credibility of the study is not affected. 5.0 Literature Review 5.1 Digital inspection in food industry – overview and role Digital inspection of foods, as a process, is incorporated in food engineering sector (Yam and Papadakis 2004). The specific process focuses on the analysis of specific characteristics of food so that its condition and its synthesis are checked. This type of analysis is characterized as qualitative analysis and ‘involves visual inspection and comparison of the food samples’